FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF ECONOMIC CRIMES AND THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THEIR PREVENTION

Abstract

The present study aims to examine the factors contributing to the commission of economic crimes and the state's role in preventing them. The research method is descriptive-analytical, based on library data. The findings indicate that crime prevention encompasses various categories, which in one classification are divided into penal and non-penal prevention. In general, the objective of prevention is to reduce the incidence and prevalence, the duration of prevalence, and the residual disability resulting from an event, and it is carried out at three levels. Primary prevention refers to programs and services provided to the general population to prevent the occurrence of an event. Secondary prevention refers to programs and services delivered at the early stages of an event, leading to timely identification and preventing its progression and chronicity. Tertiary prevention includes programs and services aimed at reducing the prevalence of consequences and disabilities resulting from the event. Penal prevention is primarily punitive and falls under the judiciary's responsibility. The target group of this type of prevention is offenders. Preventive measures against crime are implemented through the criminalization of behaviors and the punishment of their perpetrators, often to reduce recidivism. Non-penal prevention includes measures that are non-punitive and are primarily aimed at preventing crime rather than its recurrence. Social prevention and situational prevention are considered among the most recent classifications of non-penal prevention.