<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2583-7214</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>TMP Universal Journal of Research and Review Archives</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2583-7214</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ms Ashvi Jain</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69557/ujrra.v1i2.31</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>PRODUCTION BACTERIOCIN BY LACTOBACILLUS SSP AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND BIOFILM FORMATION</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Abd</surname>
            <given-names>Farah B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Risan</surname>
            <given-names>Mohsen Hashem</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Al-ugaili</surname>
            <given-names>Dhafar N.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff-1">Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
      <aff id="aff-2">Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
      <aff id="aff-3">Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq</aff>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>102</fpage>
      <lpage>114</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2022 Mohsen Hashem Risan</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>
            This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
            <uri xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</uri>
          </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://tmp.twistingmemoirs.com/index.php/ujrra/article/view/31"/>
      <abstract>
        <p>Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus spp. especially (L. planetarium and L. acidophilus) against S. aureus were tested using agar-plug, agar well diffusion methods to select the best isolate that could inhibit the growth of multidrug resistance isolates. Further identification for the presence of bacteriocin was done using ELISA kit. Results showed that Lactobacillus spp isolates were bacteriocin producers with different degrees and that L. planetarium (L7) was the most efficient in bacteriocin production. Therefore, L. planetarium (L7) was selected for purification using 70% saturated ammonium sulfate and gel chromatography. The effect of purified bacteriocin was tested on 16 bacterial isolates using micro-titer plate method and well diffusion method. The results showed the ability of the bacteriocin to inhibit bacteria only at concentrations 1866U/ml (50%), 3732U/ml (100%) with a diameter of inhibition zones ranges between (11-23 mm) respectively. The anti-biofilm activity of purified bacteriocin at concentration 100% was investigated and the results showed that biofilm formation was reduced by 100% in the presence of bacteriocin.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Bacteriocin</kwd>
        <kwd>Lactobacillus</kwd>
        <kwd>Antibacterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Staphylococcus aureus</kwd>
        <kwd>Biofilm</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>