Nowadays, laboratory studies on the use of nanoparticles and nanofluids to enhance oil production from oil reservoirs are among the hottest topics. Nanoparticles can reduce the water–oil interfacial tension and alter the wettability of reservoir rock. However, one challenge in using nanoparticles is their stability before and after injection. Nanoparticle suspensions alone are unstable, and within a few hours, all nanoparticles precipitate from the aqueous phase. In this paper, the effect of injecting aluminum oxide and silica hydrogels on oil recovery from high-salinity hydrocarbon reservoirs in glass-bead media, with and without xanthan gum as a stabilizer, at laboratory temperature (25 °C), has been investigated. The aforementioned nanoparticles were first tested individually without the presence of a stabilizer, and then the experiments were repeated in the presence of xanthan gum. The results showed that the best oil production results without the presence of xanthan gum were, respectively, related to silica (61.26), aluminum oxide (60.87), titanium dioxide (59.98), and copper oxide (57.76), while in the presence of xanthan gum they were, respectively, related to silica (74.00), aluminum oxide (68.86), copper oxide (65.69), and titanium dioxide (61.89).